Fault tolerant control of Smart Switches in E/E architectures using 10BASE-T1S

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Automotive Power Distribution Units and Zonal Controllers use Smart Switches instead of classical fuses to distribute the power to ECUs and sensors. Classical fuses do not support fault tolerant operation – once the fuse has blown, the ECU or sensor will stop operation until the fuse is replaced during car servicing. On the other hand, Smart Switches can retry operation utilizing more advanced and fault tolerant retry strategies. With the help of additional intelligence, Smart Switches can replicate the wire protection functionality of fuses, provide real time status of load current, and offer device health feedback on command – indicating if a device may need replacement well before it goes out of spec.

In software-defined vehicles, the application software and intelligence comes from the central compute cluster controlled through an Automotive Ethernet interface.
We will review how a power distribution system using a 10BASE-T1S Remote Control Protocol could work with Smart Switches to improve the reliability and fault tolerance of a power distribution system, either as part of a power distribution unit, or as part of a zonal controller.

We will review the functions of a 10BASE-T1S Remote Control Protocol (RCP) Integrated Circuit (IC) focusing on the I/O interface of the RCP IC which is connected to the Smart Switches in our example, illustrating the type of commands available to the central compute unit to control the I/O interface. (We will not go into details of the 10BASE-T1S interface itself).
We will show how the RCP can be connected to Smart Switches using simple analog and digital interfaces to detect faults and implement retry strategies under different fault conditions. Such fault conditions include open load, short circuit to ground, over temperature, short circuit to VBATT and underload conditions.

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